What Does Mobile Phone Mean?
A mobile
phone is a wireless handheld device that allows users to make and receive
calls. While the earliest generation of mobile phones could only make and
receive calls, today’s mobile phones do a lot more, accommodating web browsers,
games, cameras, video players, and navigational systems.
Also, while
mobile phones used to be mainly known as “cell phones” or cellular phones,
today’s mobile phones are more commonly called “smartphones” because of all of
the extra voice and data services that they offer.
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Explained Mobile Phone
The first
mobile phones, as mentioned, were only used to make and receive calls, and they
were so bulky it was impossible to carry them in a pocket. These phones used
primitive RFID and wireless systems to carry signals from a cabled PSTN
endpoint.
Later,
mobile phones belonging to the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)
network became capable of sending and receiving text messages. As these devices
evolved, they became smaller and more features were added, such as multimedia
messaging service (MMS), which allowed users to send and receive images.
Most of
these MMS-capable devices were also equipped with cameras, which allowed users
to capture photos, add captions, and send them to friends and relatives who
also had MMS-capable phones.
Along with
the texting and camera features, cell phones started to be made with a limited
capability to access the Internet, known as “data services.” The earliest phone
browsers were proprietary and only allowed for the use of a small subsection of
the Internet, allowing users to access items like weather, news, and sports
updates.
Eventually,
phone makers started to engineer these phones to access the entire Internet,
and webmasters for all sorts of businesses, government offices, and other domain
holders started to make websites responsive to access by mobile phones. The
trend, called “responsive design,” changed the face of the Internet, with
mobile phone transactions making up a larger share of e-commerce sales and other
activities.
Networks
and Access
A mobile
phone typically operates on a cellular network, which is composed of cell sites
scattered throughout cities, countries' sides, and even mountainous regions. If a
user happens to be located in an area where there is no signal from any cell
site belonging to the cellular network provider he or she is subscribed to,
calls cannot be placed or received in that location.
However, the
cellular networks used for mobile phones, now called “smartphones” when they
encompass modern design, have also evolved. At the same time, the networks used
by the smart have also evolved.
First, the
4G telecommunications network pioneered an all-Internet transmission system
using things like smart antenna arrays and point-to-point network “fabrics.”
While still being called a “cellular network,” 4G relied on IP transmission,
rather than traditional telephone circuit switching, which led to certain
reception and transmission efficiencies.
Now, a
dominant model called 5G is being unrolled throughout the world. The 5G system
uses higher frequency waves and a closed-cell structure, which changes the
networking style and promises greater bandwidth for users.
On the
device side, as companies continue to produce newer smartphones, two major
operating systems have emerged. The Apple and Android operating systems are
installed in the lion's share of new smartphones by various manufacturers.
With both of
these operating system platforms, it has become routine for engineers to build
hundreds of different types of functionality into modern smartphones through
the design of mobile applications or “apps.” Application stores facilitate the
purchase and use of these diverse applications.
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